Nymphenburg porcelain (about 1760-1765)Dakin Building, Brisbane, California using porcelain panels
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Porcelain China

Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating selected and refined materials to high temperatures. These materials often include clay in the form of kaolinite. more...

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According to the Combined Nomenclature of the European Communities, porcelain is "completely vitrified, hard, impermeable (even before glazing), white or artificially coloured, translucent (except when of considerable thickness) and resonant." Raw materials for porcelain, when mixed with water, form a plastic paste that can be worked to a required shape before firing in a kiln at temperatures between about 1200 and 1400 degrees Celsius. The toughness, strength, and translucence of porcelain arise mainly from the formation at high temperatures of glass and the mineral mullite.

Porcelain was named after its resemblance to the white, shiny Venus-shell, called in old Italian porcella. The curved shape of the upper surface of the Venus-shell resembles the curve of a pig's back. (Latin porcella, a little pig, a pig)

Properties associated with porcelain include low permeability, high strength, hardness, glassiness, durability, whiteness, translucence, resonance, brittleness, high resistance to the passage of electricity, chemical attack, and thermal shock, and high elasticity.

Porcelain is used to make table, kitchen, sanitary, and decorative wares, objects of fine art, and tile. Its high resistance to the passage of electricity makes porcelain an excellent insulating material. It is also used in dentistry to make false teeth, caps, and crowns.

Scope, materials and methods

Scope

Porcelain has many uses but this article is concerned mainly with its employment as a material used to make objects of craft and fine art, including decorative and utilitarian household wares. This follows the Wikipedia policy of drawing a line between technology and the arts, though in the case of porcelain the line is a difficult one to draw. Industrial and other uses are not covered here. Another difficult line to draw is that which divides high-fired stoneware from porcelain. Where this line is drawn depends upon how the terms porcelain and stoneware are defined. In this article the term porcelain is taken to encompass a broad range of high-fired ceramic wares, including some that might according to some systems of classification fall into the category of stoneware.

Materials

Further information: Pottery

The material used to form the body of porcelain wares is often referred to as clay, even though clay minerals might account for only a small proportion of its whole. The porcelain clay body, unfired or fired, is sometimes spoken of as the paste and porcelain clay is itself sometimes described as the body (for example, when buying materials a potter might order such an amount of porcelain body from a vendor).

Read more at Wikipedia.org


Meissen "Water" figurine from the Four Elements Series £229.81 Royal Crown Derby 'Veronese' Dinner Plate 27cm - New £19.95
wedgwood jasper ware mini urn and mini pin dish £2.99 Royal Crown Derby 8 1/2 Desert Plate 'Vine' Reg 839130 £3.99
Wedgwood Susie Cooper Design Glen Mist 2 Dessert Bowls £3.50 Aynsley Pembroke Vase 21cm £5.99
beautiful coalport "seaside memories "ltd edition plate £2.99 Vintage Carlton Ware Rouge Royale Handpainted Plate £10.00
Royal Doulton Congratulations Bunnykins Db291 V.G.C. £9.99 Royal Crown Derby (Chatsworth) paperweight - Wren £29.99
Crested china.Rita.Rock of Ages, matching crest Cheddar £4.99 Paragon "Rockingham" China Trio £3.99
Shelley Oleander Shape Trio - Wild Flowers £22.00 Porcelain Center Piece £100.00
Royal Doulton "Rachel" Minature Figure M 264 Bnib £6.99 Beautifully Detailed Queen Novelty Jug Ornament £24.99
Bnwb Lladro 4 Seasons - Winter, Spring, Summer, Autumn £300.00 Bunnykins Bag (Cotton Coated With Pvc) £1.99
Royal Albert Vintage Trio.Canterbury. £7.50 3 Royal Worcester Cream Leaf Jugs £50.00
2 x Rabbit Porcelain Figurines £4.99 Large Dinner Plate Royal Doulton Berkshire Tc 1021 1964 £7.99
Vintage Unusual Tea Caddie.Backstamp 12 4 / 63. £1.99 beautiful coalport " long eared owl "ltd edition plate £2.99
Royal Crown Derby Gold Aves Bread & Butter Tea Plate £40.00 Wade Four Piece Cruet Set £1.99
Fine 40 Piece Regency Period Spode Porcelain Tea Set £95.00 Wedgwood SusieCooper Design Glen Mist 9 Cup'S & Saucers £25.00
beautiful coalport " barn owl "limited edition plate £2.99 Royal Albert American Beauty 8 Inch Salad Plate. £3.50
Clay Figurine £4.00 2 rare collectable wade pearly queens £50.00
Royal Albert Bone China Drinking Mug 'Old Country Roses £3.99 Wade Jack (Large Nursery) £4.99
Royal Doulton bunnykins love heart Db288 V.G.C. £9.99 Wedgwood 'Florentine' Turquoise 4 x Dinner Plates W2174 £35.00
Crown Derby Siamese Cat - very beautiful £27.50 Inherited - Beautiful Shaped 14.5" Chinese Dish/Plate £19.99
Vintage Girl Figurine Very Pretty. £1.99 Wade Little Jack Horner (Large Nursery) £4.99
Royal Crown Derby Imari Honey Bear £50.00 Continental Cherub Flower Centre Piece £39.99
Vintage Pair Of Oriental Candlesticks £10.00 Wedgwood Beatrix Potter Peter Rabbit Calendar Plate '95 £1.99
Vintage Coalport Countryware China Corn On The Cob Dish £5.00 Bunnykins Pack Of 12 Photoframe Cards & Envelopes £1.99
Grindleys..Tea Set £9.99 Lladro" Dog'S Best Friend" Great Condition Retired £110.00
Wedgwood 'Florentine' Turquoise Lidded Tureen W2174 £130.00 Wedgwood "Strawberry Hill" Lidded Hot Milk Jug - Mint £8.95
Click to see more Porcelain China items
Prices current as of last update, 04/22/09 12:27pm.


See also...
Adderley, Porcelain China
Arcadian Crested China, Porcelain China
Aynsley, Porcelain China
Belleek, Porcelain China
Bing & Grondahl, Porcelain China
Border Fine Arts, Porcelain China
Capodimonte, Porcelain China
Carlton Ware, Porcelain China
Chintzware, Porcelain China
Coalport, Porcelain China
Colclough, Porcelain China
Commemorative Ware, Porcelain China
Continental, Porcelain China
Crown Staffordshire, Porcelain China
Doulton Burslem, Porcelain China
Dresden, Porcelain China
Duchess, Porcelain China
Fenton, Porcelain China
Foley, Porcelain China
Franklin Mint, Porcelain China
Franz, Porcelain China
Gemma Crested China, Porcelain China
Goss, Porcelain China
Grafton Royal Grafton, Porcelain China
Hammersley, Porcelain China
Herend, Porcelain China
Hummel Goebel, Porcelain China
Irish, Porcelain China
James Kent, Porcelain China
John Maddock & Sons, Porcelain China
Kaiser, Porcelain China
Kevin Francis, Porcelain China
KPM, Porcelain China
Limoges, Porcelain China
Lladro Nao, Porcelain China
Local Minor Makes, Porcelain China
Lomonosov USSR, Porcelain China
Meissen, Porcelain China
Miniatures, Porcelain China
Minton, Porcelain China
Noritake Nipponware, Porcelain China
Old Tupton Ware, Porcelain China
Oriental, Porcelain China
Other Porcelain China, Porcelain China
Paragon, Porcelain China
Parian, Porcelain China
Queen Anne, Porcelain China
Queens, Porcelain China
Roy Kirkham, Porcelain China
Royal Albert, Porcelain China
Royal Copenhagen, Porcelain China
Royal Crown Derby, Porcelain China
Royal Doulton, Porcelain China
Royal Dux, Porcelain China
Royal Osborne, Porcelain China
Royal Stafford, Porcelain China
Royal Standard, Porcelain China
Royal Vale, Porcelain China
Royal Winton Grimwades, Porcelain China
Royal Worcester, Porcelain China
Sevres, Porcelain China
Shelley, Porcelain China
Sitzendorf, Porcelain China
Spode Copeland, Porcelain China
Sutherland Royal Sutherland, Porcelain China
Thomas, Porcelain China
Tuscan, Porcelain China
Unmarked Pieces, Porcelain China
Villeroy & Boch, Porcelain China
Wade, Porcelain China
Wedgwood, Porcelain China

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